The Nature Index 2025 Research Leaders — previously known as Annual Tables — reveal the leading institutions and countries/territories in the natural and health sciences, according to their output in ...

The FDA on Friday approved chenodiol (Ctexli) for the treatment of cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX) in adults. Chenodiol -- a naturally occurring human bile acid also known as chenodeoxycholic ...

Primary bile acids are synthesized from cholesterol in the liver, which is transformed to cholic acid (CA) through the classical pathway and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) as an alternative pathway.

(A) The classic bile acid synthesis pathway: cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) converts cholesterol to 7α-hydroxycholesterol (7α-HOC). The sterol 12α-hydroxylase (CYP8B1) converts the intermediate ...

The farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a bile acid nuclear receptor that plays a crucial role in regulating bile acid and sterol metabolism. Bile acids are natural ligands of FXR, which bind to the ...