This time we will try to see the techniques and methods of blacksmiths in plating oil palm fruit harvesting tools. 🔥💦 #blacksmith #blacksmithing #MetalArt #ironart #metalwork #craftsmanship #TraditionalCraftsmanship #keranjinantangan #pandaibesi | Rizaldi

Enslaved Africans Forged Spain's Weapons In 1548, enslaved and free Black artisans in colonial Peru manufactured the swords, lances, and armor for Spanish conquistadors. These weren't just laborers—they were master craftsmen whose metalworking expertise from West Africa (where gold mining existed since the 4th century) was essential to Spain's military. Historian Frederick Bowser documents that by 1587, over 400 Africans worked in Lima's shipyards. Black swordsmiths, blacksmiths, and silversmith